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teneligliptin br Cytokines potent mediators of ILC function
2021-04-10
Cytokines – potent mediators of ILC function The different ILC players are portrayed in three categories, ILC1, ILC2 and ILC3, based on the cytokines they produce and transcription factors (TFs) that guide their differentiation [8] (Figure 1). Cytokines are the most extensively studied stimuli fo
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MuRF interacts with four and a half LIM domain FHL
2021-04-10
MuRF3 interacts with four-and-a-half LIM domain (FHL2) and γ-filamin leading to their degradation via UPS [64]. Conversely, abnormal aggregation of these proteins was observed in mice lacking MuRF3. Moreover, MuRF3-/- mice were found more prone to cardiac rupture after acute myocardial infarction (A
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One step in pyrimidine biosynthesis
2021-04-10
One step in pyrimidine biosynthesis is conversion of l-dihydroorotate (DHO) to orotate (ORO), under action of the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH, EC 1.3.99.11), which contains a flavine (FMN) as redox cofactor [1]. In this transformation, electrons resulting from DHO oxidation are transf
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Predictions of enzyme topology for
2021-04-10
Predictions of enzyme topology for DGAT2 are more difficult since the DGAT2 polypeptide sequences are more diverse across species than those of DGAT1. The length and function of the hydrophilic N-terminus preceding the first hydrophobic segment varies with species – for example, segments in fungi ar
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Two key enzymes play important roles in
2021-04-10
Two key enzymes play important roles in the bioconversion of xylitol from d-arabitol, namely d-arabitol dehydrogenase (ArDH) and NADH-dependent xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH), respectively (Qi et al., 2014). In an earlier study, we developed a high xylitol yield strain by expressing xdh in E. coli BL2
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br Subjects and methods br Results
2021-04-10
Subjects and methods Results Discussion In the present study, we found significantly increased CSF levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-10, TNF-α, CXCL8/IL-8, and VEGF-A together with significantly higher detection rates of IL-6, GM-CSF, PDGF-BB and IL-1ra in IHP patients compared with OND patien
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LTD and LTC cause contraction in
2021-04-10
LTD4 and LTC4 cause contraction in the rat stomach and these contractions are sensitive to CysLT1 receptor antagonists (Goldenberg and Subers, 1983, Miura et al., 1992, Miyata et al., 1995). However, effects of other leukotrienes in the gastric contraction and inhibitory effects of potent, selective
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We also identified a role for the transcription
2021-04-10
We also identified a role for the transcription factor p53 in the regulation of the Crm1 promoter. p53 can activate or repress the transcription of target genes. While activation generally occurs through binding of p53 to its consensus binding site in the promoter region of target genes, for example
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br Conflict of interest statement
2021-04-09
Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgements Introduction Spending their last days on earth having already lost many cognitive functions remains a major fear of elderly people. Although during the last century their lifespans increased, the so-called “old-age diseases” became more and mo
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br Activatable MRI probes MRI is commonly
2021-04-09
Activatable MRI probes MRI is commonly used in clinics around the world and has the advantages of outstanding tissue-penetration depth and extremely high spatial resolution for in vivo imaging [33]. MRI has relatively poor sensitivity and usually requires cc-5013 mg agents to enhance the imaging
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Methacholine MCh is a bronchoconstrictive agent that
2021-04-09
Methacholine (MCh) is a bronchoconstrictive agent that has been widely used in the diagnoses of airway narrowing and hyperresponsiveness (Jonasson et al., 2009). MCh induces muscle contractions by stimulating the muscarinic cholinergic receptors that are found in both the airways and the lung parenc
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Besides EGFR other tyrosine kinase receptors are
2021-04-09
Besides EGFR, other tyrosine kinase receptors are currently gaining attention as potential therapeutic targets. Included among these is the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family, which is involved in the progression of a variety of cancers.7, 8, 9, 10, 11 In lung cancer, fibroblast growth
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br Experimental Procedures br Author Contributions br Acknow
2021-04-09
Experimental Procedures Author Contributions Acknowledgments Introduction Oxysterols came to prominence in the late 1970's with the oxysterol hypothesis which proposed that the suppressive effect of cholesterol on its own synthesis is mediated through oxysterols not by cholesterol itself
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br Introduction The ubiquitination status
2021-04-09
Introduction The ubiquitination status of a target protein is achieved via a delicate balance between two opposing forces: ubiquitin E3 ligases and DUBs. It has been postulated that the majority of proteins in a cell are regulated and modified by ubiquitin at some point (Hershko and Ciechanover,
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br Conclusions br Conflict of interest br
2021-04-09
Conclusions Conflict of interest Financial disclosure Introduction In prokaryotes, six distinct autotrophic CO2 fixation pathways have been identified so far. Of these pathways, 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate (3-HP/4-HB) cycle is one of the recently discovered pathways [1]. The 3-
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