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Drug resistance development often involves structurally
2024-07-19
Drug resistance development often involves structurally un-related drugs and, specifically both conventional and targeted agents. IGROV-1/Pt1 Saikosaponin A are characterized by resistance to cisplatin and reduced sensitivity to inhibitors of EGF-R and MEK, the up-stream activator of ERK1/2, associ
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Despite the growing knowledge surrounding the link between A
2024-07-19
Despite the growing knowledge surrounding the link between ATX and cholestatic pruritus in PBC, it remains unclear if the role of the ATX-LPA signaling axis includes lymphocytes homing in the liver of PBC, and if the resulting inflammation is associated with PBC pruritus (Fig. 3). PBC is characteriz
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Flavin adenine dinucleotide In plants altered expression of
2024-07-19
In plants, altered expression of Aurora kinases results in impaired meiotic divisions followed by the formation of aneuploid or polyploid progenies [21]. This observation is interesting from an evolutionary point of view because it can be assumed that, during evolution, the influence of biotic and a
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Secondly leptin has been shown
2024-07-19
Secondly, leptin has been shown to enhance aromatase mRNA expression, aromatase content and its enzymatic activity in epithelial breast cancer MS023 synthesis by inducing promoters II and I.3 via an enhanced binding of transcription activator protein 1 (AP-1) complex to specific DNA sites in the pro
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APJ is mainly coupled to PTX
2024-07-18
APJ is mainly coupled to PTX-sensitive Gi/o proteins [33], and thus, it is associated with the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and the activations of PI3K/Akt signaling and MAPKs signaling pathways [23], [54], [55], [56]. In a previous study, apelin stimulations of the PI3K/Akt and/or the MAPK pathwa
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br HIF Blockade in AA Therapy In
2024-07-18
HIF-α Blockade in AA Therapy In lieu of the evidence supporting a central role for HIF-α signaling in tumor angiogenesis and CC pathobiology, significant efforts have focused on the discovery of small-molecule HIF-α inhibitors (for exhaustive compendia, see [28,44,45]). In brief, inhibitors vary
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br Introduction Quenchbody Q body immunoassay is a novel bio
2024-07-18
Introduction Quenchbody (Q-body) immunoassay is a novel biosensing technology that uses the quenching of fluorescence by intrinsic tryptophan (Trp) residues in antibody variable regions when dye(s) are conjugated to an antibody or antibody fragments in appropriate position, and de-quenching whil
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What is the mechanism by
2024-07-18
What is the mechanism by which Wnt7a-Fz7 signaling enhances AMPAR localization and synaptic strength? Following induction of LTP, the number of AMPARs rapidly increases at extrasynaptic sites (Makino and Malinow, 2009, Yang et al., 2008a) through PKA-dependent phosphorylation of GluA1 at S845 (He et
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First investigation of numerous membered
2024-07-18
First, investigation of numerous 12-14-membered ether-linked macrocycles revealed that smaller motifs were most lipophilic efficient. Compound (3) (12-membered macrocycle) exhibited good cellular potencies (ALK IC50 = 1.0 nM; ALK-L1196 M IC50 = 20 nM) and the highest LipE (4.4) with picomolar bindin
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COPD is almost unheard of in individuals less than years
2024-07-18
COPD is almost unheard of in individuals less than 40 years of age (even among heavy smokers), 1 in 10 lifetime never-smokers and 1 in 3 develop COPD by age 75 [26], unquestionably, COPD is an age-related disorder. This notion of accelerated ageing of COPD is supported by animal models, which demons
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HT receptors are distributed throughout the brain within
2024-07-18
5-HT3 receptors are distributed throughout the brain, within the brainstem (e.g., nucleus tractus solitarius, area postrema and spinal trigeminal nucleus) and LIMKi 3 (e.g., hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, putamen and caudate) (Abi-Dargham et al., 1993, Barnes et al., 1989, Bufton et al.,
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In this study we make the first simultaneous recordings of
2024-07-18
In this study, we make the first simultaneous recordings of IT-901 release in multiple brain regions at a temporal resolution less than 1 s. One of the most striking findings is that acetylcholine release has a remarkably similar temporal profile in the mPFC and dHPC, suggesting a coordinated action
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Introduction hydroxytryptamine HT is found throughout
2024-07-17
Introduction 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is found throughout the body and influences smooth muscle activity in various tissues including the intestine, vasculature and urinary Z-VDVAD-FMK receptor (Kim and Camilleri, 2000, Klarskov and Horby-Petersen, 1986, Mohammad-Zadeh et al., 2008). The current
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Steroidal CYP inhibitors can further be classified
2024-07-17
Steroidal CYP17 inhibitors can further be classified based on their mode of action, namely as mechanism-based inhibitors and type I and type II competitive inhibitors [129]. Recent studies investigated other biological targets than CYP17, and some new compounds have shown interesting dual activity a
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br The role of apelin in
2024-07-17
The role of apelin in hypertension diseases The role of apelin and its receptor APJ in cardiovascular diseases has been described in numerous studies (Table 2) [36,37]. It has been revealed that exogenous apelin may lower blood pressure. Tatemoto et al. [6] have discovered that different forms of
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