• br Introduction The glucagon receptor GCGR is

  2021-11-24

  

  Introduction The glucagon receptor (GCGR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor expressed mainly in the liver and kidney. Upon glucagon binding, it activates the stimulatory G protein (Gs) and increases cAMP level, subsequently transducing glucagon signaling involved in glucose, amino acids and lipid m

• Cellular inhibition is caused by the

  2021-11-24

  

  Cellular inhibition is caused by the hyperpolarization of the cell and is mediated by both synaptic and extrasynaptic GABAARs. Synaptic GABAARs are sensitive to high concentrations of GABA released at the synapse and mediate phasic inhibition. In contrast, extrasynaptic GABAARs mediate tonic inhibit

• br Conclusions In this study we discovered that

  2021-11-24

  

  Conclusions In this study, we discovered that the G-quadruplex (Q1) formed by S1 sequence in the upstream region of the transcription start site of c-Myb gene functioned as a positive transcriptional regulator, which was different from the most cases that G-rich sequences functioned to impair the

• The deduced amino acid sequences of all

  2021-11-24

  

  The deduced amino PR957 sequences of all scIPPSs display high similarity, and sequence alignments reveal seven conserved regions [2]. Regions II and VI contain the substrate-binding regions, with two characteristic aspartate-rich motifs (DDx(xx)xD; where x represents any amino acid residue). Region

• The occurrence of naturally HCV NS resistance associated sub

  2021-11-23

  

  The occurrence of naturally HCV NS3 resistance-associated substitutions (RAS) affects virological outcome of DAA-based combination therapies [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19]. For the majority of NS3 protease inhibitors the frequency of natural occurrence of single RASs in HCV genotype 1-infected p

• The diseases of ocular surface and

  2021-11-23

  

  The diseases of ocular surface and the cornea are very common in ophthalmological practice and as a result there is a continuous, need for novel therapeutic options. Here, we demonstrated a corneal distribution of GPR35, a potential molecular target for new drugs (; ). The search for the expression

• With able to modulate inflammation

  2021-11-23

  

  With ω3 able to modulate inflammation and effect obesity-related outcomes, it is of interested that two G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR), GPR120 and GPR40, were recently deorphanized and shown to recognize ω3 acids (docosahexaenoic, C22:6; eicosapentaenoic, C20:4; and α-linolenic, C18:3), as well

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2021-11-23

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion and conclusions Our data demonstrate that native and 2-OMe-LPC analogues are GPR119 ligands and activate insulin secretion from βTC-3 pancreatic cells. LPC 18:1 was the first proposed endogenous ligand for GPR119 [1], however natural LPC has limited

• br Materials and methods br Results and

  2021-11-23

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684), and also by t

• N6022 The chemical structure of BAs consists

  2021-11-23

  

  The chemical structure of BAs consists of a steroid nucleus with an acidic side chain. They are amphipatic molecules characterized by a hydrophilic α-face and a hydrophobic β-face. The hydrophobic pocket of the FXR LBD interacts with BAs largely through the β-face. The α-face contains several hydrox

• Transcriptional elongation is a checkpoint for productive

  2021-11-22

  

  Transcriptional elongation is a checkpoint for productive transcription. In ESCs, ∼50% of the genes enriched for H3K4me3 are initially transcribed but do not enter productive elongation (Guenther et al., 2007, Rahl et al., 2010). Following promoter escape, the transcriptional elongating protein comp

• NPxY was recognized as the first short signal sequence

  2021-11-22

  

  NPxY was recognized as the first short signal sequence motif in the cytoplasmic domain of membrane receptors and proteins with critical roles in internalization and trafficking of receptor molecules [130]. Including LDL receptor, beta-1 integrin, megalin, beta-amyloid precursor protein, EGF receptor

• We observed that the Toc G domain recognizes the

  2021-11-22

  

  We observed that the Toc159G domain recognizes the N-terminal portion of the transit peptide of pSSU with a dissociation constant of 70 μM (Fig. 2; Table 1), while a tenfold higher KD was obtained for the phosphorylated C-terminal region. In turn, the homodimer of Toc34G recognizes the phosphorylate

• Introduction Non alcoholic hepatic steatosis is characterize

  2021-11-22

  

  Introduction Non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis is characterized by the presence of steatosis in hepatocytes [1], which leads to the development of fatty liver [2]. It is strongly associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and type II diabetes [3]. They are major risk factors of non-alcoholic hepati

• Disrupting the dialog between microbiota and the

  2021-11-22

  

  Disrupting the dialog between microbiota and the host, especially at the level of mucosal immunology, is expected to have profound effects on disease development. By using the AOM+DSS model of colitis-associated CRC, Singh et al. (2014) showed that development of inflammation and CRC are exacerbated

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